The House on Mango Street :: House Mango Street

The House on mango tree thoroughfare     At the novels end, Esperanza declares that she is too strong for Mango Street to keep her forever. What is the nature of her aptitude? How does Cisneros establish this characteristic elsewhere in the book?   Esperanza feels she is too strong to live on Mango Street. She feels her life would be better if she lived somewhere else. She wants to leave Mango Street so that she can find herself. Esperanza knows that she is not like the others on Mango Street, and she wants to move to a name with trees around it, a big yard and grass growing without a fence (page 4). To leave, she must obtain strength. Where will she get it? I believe her strength comes from within.   Esperanza builds her strength off the mishaps that occur while living on Mango Street. In the vignettes, Esperanza describes some very interesting things that take place on Mango Street. She recalls a time when Sally befriended her and told Esperanza to leave her alone with the boys. Esperanza felt out of place and was very uncomfortable and very ashamed to be in that situation. She valued more from life than that, so she left the scene.   There was another time when Esperanza wanted to extinguish lunch in the canteen at school. She was not allowed to eat at school, because she lived close enough to walk home for lunch. But, Esperanza wanted to feel special like the other kids, so she convinced her mother to write a note to the nun in charge giving her permission to eat in the school canteen. The mother wrote the note, but the nun was not convinced. So, she made Esperanza go to the window and point to her house. She was too ashamed to point to the old-run-down home where she lived. This was one of her most embarrassing moments. Not to be outdone, Esperanza said, I knew then I had to have a house. A real house. One I could point to (page5).   In Four Skinny Trees, Esperanza compares herself to the four skinny trees outside her house. Like the trees, she too, has not ensnare her place in the world.

Music - Bonos Path Towards Spiritual Enlightenment Essay -- Explorato

Bonos Path Towards Spiritual EnlightenmentWhile most celebrities keep their religious beliefs private, the music of the Irish rock group U2, with lyrics written by fart singer Bono, contains many religious references and ideas. A closer analysis of the song lyrics shows an evolution of the religious ideas contained within. The changing and development of these ideas corresponds to many psychological and sociological theories of credit evolution, including those of Alfred Adler and James Fowler. Adlerian theory posits that Our ideas about God are important indicators of how we passel the world. According to Adler these ideas have changed over time, as our vision of the worldand our place in ithas changed (Nielson). There are two kinds of changes that may occur those that advance the faith, and those that incite doubt or stagnation, as reported by Paul Fritz. Fritz, a minister, interconnected the ideas of sociologist Jean Merton into his theory of faith evolution. Fowler, in Stages of Faith The Psychology of Human Development and the Quest for Meaning, states that faith evolves as individuals move through life, changing at each stand for the way they make sense of existence. Commenting on Fowlers theory, John Testerman writes, The stages of faith can be thought of as the different lenses through which we view the world as we journey through life. A careful study of Bonos lyrics can show what kind of spiritual glasses he wears at that stage of his life, and how his outlook on the world shapes the portrayal of his beliefs.While the evolution of faith and spiritual beliefs may be divided into stages, a person may be in between stages at any time, exhibiting the characteristics of more than one stage. In Fritzs model, a b... ...Cambridge Bible. Cambridge Cambridge University Press, 1997.Fowler, James W. Stages of Faith the Psychology of Human Development and the Quest for Meaning. harpist San Francisco, 1995.Fritz, Paul. Home page. 10 Mar, 2002. 8 Stages of Fa ith. .Nielsen, Michael. Home page. 3 Nov. 2003. Psychology of Religion Pages. .The Stages of Faith. The Journal of Religion and Society. Home page. 1 Nov. 2002. . 2 Nov. 2002. Testerman, John. Home page. Mar. 1995. The Stages of Faith. .U2. Achtung, Baby. Island, 1991.U2. All That You Cant hand Behind. Island, 2000.U2. The Joshua Tree. Island, 1987.U2. October. Island, 1982. U2. POP. Island, 1997. U2. War. Island, 1980.

Descartes’ Cogito Essay -- Philosophy small universal elements

Descartes Cogito It is the purpose of this essay to examine both Descartes Cogito argument and his skepticism towards bitty and universal elements, as well as the implications these arguments have on all(prenominal) other. First, I will summarize and condone the skepticism Descartes brings to bear on small and universal elements in his outgrowth meditation. Second, I will summarize and explain the Cogito argument, Descartes famous I think, therefore I am (it should be noted that this famous implication is not actually something ever said or pen by Descartes, but instead, an implication taken from his argument for his own existence). Third, I will critique the line of reasoning underlying these arguments. Descartes attacks small and universal elements with the puzzle posed by the possibility of God being an all-powerful deceiver, but he seems to think his Cogito argument is immune from this type of criticism. Fourth, I will image how the Cogito is actually har der to establish than the existence of small and universal elements. And, fifth, I will establish small and universal elements as an Archimedean point (i.e. a foundational claim). In Descartes first meditation, paragraphs 9-12, he arrives at the final and most devastating stage of questioning his beliefs. In his first two stages, he questions both small and distant objects and metier sized objects, and concludes that neither can be held as true with any certainty. He throws out the first because of the possibility that the small and distant object is a mirage, and throws out the second because of the possibility that we are actually dreaming while perceiving medium sized objects. In his third and final stage of enquiry, Descartes examines sma... ...things. The lack of an omnipotent deceiver and the reality of the existence of small and universal elements lead to an even broader foundational claim there is a military personnel where the small and universal elemen ts exist. Either it is the world around us at his very moment, or, if this is a dream, it is the world of the dreamer whose small and universal elements make up this dream world. In concluding, a few things must be noted. One, Descartes omnipotent deceiver does not and cannot exist in the manner Descartes relates. Two, even if the deceiver did exist, the Cogito would not be immune from the pall of doubt the deceivers existence would cause to fall on reality. Three, even without the deceiver, the Cogito is falsifiable because of the Someone Elses Dream argument. Four, there is a world where small and universal elements we know of exist.

Soul Catchers :: essays research papers

Soul Catchers A most interesting film detailing the history and role of the prophet in the Jewish tradition. The prototypical question we must explore is what a prophet is. A prophet by definition is a person who speaks by divine inspiration. Others will declare that a prophet is one whose eye is open. A person who can see things that others cannot. In order to understand the prophets and their appearance in history we must first understand the politics of the times. In the eleventh century BCE Israel is divided into twelve tribes. The prophet Samuel is called upon to bring the people under one ruler or king and lead Israel into a monarchy. However this brings a major split and for the first time we find a military and political leader, the King, along with a spiritual leader, or the prophet. The prophet played the role of moral keeper and would make sure that the King was ruling justly and keeping the Law of God. Prophets began to extend in packs receiving the presence of God t hrough trace like states. The prophet Elijah emerges place of these traveling prophets around 886 BCE and begins to speak publicly. Elijah had a big problem with the King. The Kings madam was from a pagan religion and had brought about the worship of other Gods. Elijah addresses the King publicly and challenges the other Gods to make fire. They of course cant match the vainglorious Guy and Elijah triumphs and rides away into the sky leaving behind his robe passing on the power of prophecy. So ends the spoken prophets.Later around 792 BCE, the writing prophets tot up about with the powerful speaker Amos. Amos says a bunch of things that no one wants to hear such as the downfall of Israels Northern Kingdom and the remnant of the King. Then he really upsets everyone by saying that Israel will be sent into exile. About 742 BCE the most known prophet, Isaiah comes on the scene. Now this far out guy walks the streets naked for three years telling the King not to ally with the Assyria ns. He also speaks of how Jerusalem will be saved from the Assyrians. The Assyrians outweart invade Jerusalem but the Northern Kingdom is destroyed just as Amos predicted fifty years earlier. Finally one of the last and least liked of the prophets comes about around 626 BCE and his name is Jeremiah.

Dreams of Escape in The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams Essay

In The codswallop zoological garden, Tennessee Williams presents us with four characters whose lives seem to consist in avoiding naturalism more than facing it. Amanda lives her life through her children and clings to her lost youthfulness. tom retreats into movie theaters and into his dream of joining the merchant seamen and some day becoming a produce poet. Laura resorts to her Victrola and collection of glass ornaments to help sustain her world of fantasy. Finally, Jim is only able to find some relief in his glorified old memories. This raise result examine how Amanda, Tom, Laura and Jim attempt to escape from the real world through their dreams. Amanda was abandoned by her husband and now must take care of her two children, Tom and Laura. Amanda considers Tom unrealistic, daydreaming about becoming a recognized poet rather than staying committed to his present job. Amanda is overwhelmingly confused and perplexed about the future. worse still, the incident that Laura is crippled worries her even more. Amanda tries to arrange everything for Laura lest she will live paralyzed in the threatening world. Aware of the reality, she enrolls her in a secretarial course in the apply that she would become, if not successful in her career, at least independent. Disappointed by Lauras inability to cope with the classes in the business school, Amanda tries desperately find her a tried husband who can provide material and emotional security. But her hopes are unrealistic. Not even having met Jim, the gentleman caller Tom brings home at her mothers request, Amanda, tone at the little, slipper-shaped moon, asks Laura to make a wish on it for happiness and good fortune to be brought by this gentleman caller, when it is just wishful cerebration on her... ...nd some relief in his glorified old memories saved by Laura and is overwhelmed by the magic of the American Dream. Like many great plays, The icing Menagerie transcends time inasmuch as contemporary version s of the four characters abound in the ever-changing modern world. After all, these are the people to whom the play addresses today. Work CitedWilliams, Tennessee. The Glass Menagerie. 1945. The Bedford access to Drama. 5th ed. Lee A. Jacobus, ed. Boston Bedford/St. Martins, 2005.Work Consulted McHaney, Pearl A. Lecture on The Glass Menagerie. Engl 3860-American Drama. Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA. 20 June 2006.Jackson, Esther Merle. The Broken World of Tennessee Williams. capital of Wisconsin & of Wisconsin P, 1965.Parker, R.B., ed. ordinal Century Interpretations of The Glass Menagerie. Englewood Cliffs Prentice, 1983. Dreams of Escape in The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams Essay In The Glass Menagerie, Tennessee Williams presents us with four characters whose lives seem to consist in avoiding reality more than facing it. Amanda lives her life through her children and clings to her lost youthfulness. Tom retreats into movie theaters and into his d ream of joining the merchant seamen and some day becoming a published poet. Laura resorts to her Victrola and collection of glass ornaments to help sustain her world of fantasy. Finally, Jim is only able to find some relief in his glorified old memories. This essay will examine how Amanda, Tom, Laura and Jim attempt to escape from the real world through their dreams. Amanda was abandoned by her husband and now must take care of her two children, Tom and Laura. Amanda considers Tom unrealistic, daydreaming about becoming a recognized poet rather than staying committed to his present job. Amanda is overwhelmingly confused and perplexed about the future. Worse still, the fact that Laura is crippled worries her even more. Amanda tries to arrange everything for Laura lest she will live paralyzed in the threatening world. Aware of the reality, she enrolls her in a secretarial course in the hope that she would become, if not successful in her career, at least independent. Disappointed by L auras inability to cope with the classes in the business school, Amanda tries desperately find her a reliable husband who can provide material and emotional security. But her hopes are unrealistic. Not even having met Jim, the gentleman caller Tom brings home at her mothers request, Amanda, looking at the little, slipper-shaped moon, asks Laura to make a wish on it for happiness and good fortune to be brought by this gentleman caller, when it is just wishful thinking on her... ...nd some relief in his glorified old memories saved by Laura and is overwhelmed by the magic of the American Dream. Like many great plays, The Glass Menagerie transcends time inasmuch as contemporary versions of the four characters abound in the ever-changing modern world. After all, these are the people to whom the play addresses today. Work CitedWilliams, Tennessee. The Glass Menagerie. 1945. The Bedford Introduction to Drama. 5th ed. Lee A. Jacobus, ed. Boston Bedford/St. Martins, 2005.Work Consulted Mc Haney, Pearl A. Lecture on The Glass Menagerie. Engl 3860-American Drama. Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA. 20 June 2006.Jackson, Esther Merle. The Broken World of Tennessee Williams. Madison & of Wisconsin P, 1965.Parker, R.B., ed. Twentieth Century Interpretations of The Glass Menagerie. Englewood Cliffs Prentice, 1983.

A foodborne disease that is estimated to have infected one third of the human population Essay

Toxoplasmosis is a foodborne disease that is estimated to have infected one third of the tender population (2). not only does Toxoplasmosis infect humans, but it is also been found in almost all of the warm-blooded animals, primarily cats (3). Toxoplasmosis was first found in 1908 by Nicolle and Manceaux in the cells of the gundi, a type of rodent, in Brazil. It was also found by Splendore to be in the tissues of a rabbit. Fifteen years later, in 1923, a fatal grammatical case of toxoplasmosis was reported in a child. Finally in 1939, toxoplasmosis was identified as a cause of human disease (2).Toxoplasmosis seemed to first be described by Toxoplasmosis is caused by a parasite called Toxoplasma gondii. Toxoplasma gondii has two types of hosts, a definitive and an intermediate. Cats ar the only definitive hosts for Toxoplasma gondii meaning that only when the parasite infects the cat will it provoke oocysts (eggs). Toxoplasma gondii will not produce eggs in other warm-blooded ani mals. When the cat digests food that contains this parasite, the Toxoplasma gondii inside of the cat will be released into the digestive booklet where it will then multiply and produce oocysts in the small intestine. This process is called intraintestinal infection cycle.The parasite is released in large quantities through the feces. The cat will also start shedding oocysts after 3 days of being infected and will continue to shed for 10 to 14 days. T he oocysts are very resilient and can survive up to a year. Other oocysts in the cat penetrate deeper into the intestine and develop tachyzoite which is the parasites bring of rapid growth. The tachyzoite spreads throughout the body and start the extraintestinal infection cycle. When the immune system responds, the tachyzoite go into their resting stage and become bradyzoites, which is a slow growing form (3). A human or any other intermediate host can then be exposed to the parasite through either eating shopping centre contaminated with the parasite or accidently (or not) swallowing cat feces (1).The oocysts are not immediately infectious as they must first go through a process called sporulation which takes from one to five days. Once the sporulated oocysts are in the intermediate host, they develop tissue cysts which stay in the host for life (3). When Toxoplasma gondii enters the human host, tachyzoites begin to develop and infect various organs.The parasite then enters the brain and creates oocysts. It then establishes a chronic infection which taxes the immune system (4). Toxoplasmosis usually doesnt show any for most people. Severe cases of toxoplasmosis usually develop in babies whose mother was infected by toxoplasmosis or by people with compromised immune systems such(prenominal) as people with HIV. Some people with mild cases of toxoplasmosis may exhibit flu-like symptoms with swollen nymph glands along with sore muscles for a month or more. However, the relentless cases can cause individuals to de velop encephalitis along with eye and other organ damage. Patients may begin to experience pain that is accompanied by a bright light along with reduced vision and redness of the eye (1).Toxoplasmosis1 http//www.cdc.gov/parasites/toxoplasmosis/2 http//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2704023/?tool=pubmed 3 http//www.vet.cornell.edu/fhc/brochures/toxo.html4 http//schizophreniabulletin.oxfordjournals.org/content/33/3/745.fullPenicillium chrysogenum5 http//botit.botany.wisc.edu/toms_fungi/nov2003.html6 http//www.biology.ed.ac.uk/research/groups/jdeacon/microbes/penicill.htm 7 http//bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/s2008/kitzmann_step/

Georg Ohm

Georg Simon Ohm was born on March 16th, 1789. He died on July 6th, 1854. He was a German physicist. As a high school teacher, Ohm began his research with the tardily invented electrochemical cell (Unknown. ) Using his own equipment, Ohm determined that there is a connection between the electrical forces (voltage) applied across a conductor and the serial electric current. This known as Ohms law, which is named after him. Ohm was born in Erlangen, Bavaria. His parents were Johann Wolfgang Ohm and Maria Elizabeth Beck. They were Protestants.Although his parents were not really educated, Ohms father educated himself enough to have Ohm kinfolk schooled. His mother died when he was ten. From early childhood, Georg and his brother Martin, a well-known mathematician, were both taught by their father in math, physic, and chemistry. Georg Simon attended Erlangen Gymnasium from age eleven to fifteen (Unknown. ) His father, concerned that his son was wasting the educational opportunity, d isplace Ohm to Switzerland. Then in September 1806, he started as a math teacher (Britannica. Karl Christian avant-garde Langsdorf left the University of Erlangen in early 1809 to go to the University of Heidelberg. Ohm wanted to go with him to Heidelberg to restart his math studies. Langsdorf told Ohm to continue with his studies of mathematics on his own. Rather reluctantly Ohm took his advice but he left his teaching post in Gottstadt bei Nydau in March 1809 to become a private tutor in Neuchatel. For two years he carried tabu his duties as a tutor plot he followed Langsdorfs advice and continued his private study of mathematics. Then in April 1811 he returned to the University of Erlangen.His studies had stood him in good position for his receiving a doctorate from Erlangen on 25 October 1811 and immediately joined the staff as a mathematics lecturer. After three semesters Ohm gave up his university post because of unpromising prospects while he couldnt make both ends meet wi th the lecturing post. The Bavarian government offered him a post as a teacher of mathematics and physics at a poor quality school in Bamberg and he took up the post there in January 1813. Feeling unhappy with his job, Georg devoted to writing an simple(a) book on Geometry as a way to prove his true ability.The school was then closed down in February 1816. The Bavarian government sent him to an overcrowded school in Bamberg to help out with the mathematics teaching. After that, he sent the manuscript to King Wilhelm III of Prussia upon its completion. The King was satisfied with Georgs work and he offered Ohm a position at a Jesuit Gymnasium of Cologne on 11 September 1817. Thanks to the schools reputation for science education, Ohm found himself demand to teach physics as well as mathematics. Luckily, the physics lab was well-equipped, so Ohm devoted himself to experimenting on physics.Being the son of a locksmith, Georg had some interoperable experience with mechanical equipmen t. He published Die galvanishe Kette, mathematisch bearbeitet in 1827, which in English is The Galvanic Circuit Investigated Mathematically. Colognes Jesuit College did not laud his work and Ohm resigned his professorial position there and instead applied to and was employed by the Polytechnic school of Nuremberg. He came to the polytechnic school of Nuremberg in 1833, and in 1852 became professor of observational physics in the university of Munich, where he later died. He is buried in the Alter Sudfriedhof in Munich.

Kudler Fine Foods Frequent Shopper Program Essay

Kudler Fine Foods is a local and upscale military posture food store with a total of four stores in La Jolla, Del Mar, and Encinitas California with their main base store in San Diego, California. Each store maintains and sells high quality bakery, pastries, fresh produce, meat, seafood, specialty condiments, packaged foods, cheeses, and dairy products. Kathy Kudler owner and founder of Kudler Fine Foods is looking to expand her company and market her products to clean prospective clients, along with improving her services to her up-to-the-minute clientele. Since the opening day of Kudler Fine Foods in June 1998 the business has become sustainable and profitable. Ten years later Kathy wants to implement a frequent shoppers political program not except to reward her current loyal customer base but alike to draw in new clientele.Installing a business placement for this initiative would allow Kudler the ability to track purchasing patterns of individual customers. This would give the company a better understanding of what products are sellers and what products do not move or sell as fast. Alternatively this would give customers the opportunity to receive points from their past purchases geared toward rewards products. According to the Kudlers sales and marketing departments look into this type of system allow for increase revenue and cost reduction for Kudler. Kudler identifies that knowing exactly what the customers purchasing habits, supply ineluctably, and preferences are would enable Kudler to purchase only what entrust be sold. Therefore, it will stop Kudler from stocking on items that do not sell and are not attractive to the customer. Kudler has different types of options on how they could advertise the new shoppers program. Because these types of programs are commonplace within any market, Kudler needs to develop a complete database system, with including current and former customers.This database is used specifically for advertising of the new program and data collection of sales. Kudler would need to update or create a new website to add this new program and help customers understand the benefits of registering for the program. Legally Kudler needs to hold fast within the boundaries set up for E-commerce. The rules for online business and email advertisement are very far-reaching some of which include an opt-out link that allows any consumer to stop receiving e-mail advertisements. This must(prenominal) be easily viewable and verifiable to the recipient for online spam advertisement. Electronic contracts are legal and binding along with electronic signatures, these forms of agreements must grant legal disclaimers visible for the customer to read. These are just a few of many other legal ramifications that Kudler would need to investigate and consider before move forward.Ethical considerations are also vital to both the customers and Kudler Fine Foods when implementing the shoppers program. Any customers who register with Kudlers shoppers program understand that all personal information effrontery to Kudler will not be given or sold to another company without the express approval of the customer. Kudler has to take into consideration that registration online has to be employ with the highest certification software on the market. Protection of sensitive data is vital to the success of any online purchases or programs. Pornographic material and anything refereeing to pornography is interdict by law. Breaches of contractual agreements are also considered unethical. Therefore, Kudler must soak up strict policy and procedures in place to alleviate any of the above issues.This would keep Kudler ethically stable and help with any other issues that will come into light. The main understanding that Kudler Fine Foods would have to embrace is that the company is fully responsible for what is position on their website and also what they are offering to their customers as an incentive. Kudler Fine Foo ds has to identify within the scope of this project the development of the frequent shoppers program specific security measures. The main initiative is to secure private data and deter any unauthorized access. The main and formidable issue here is that the Frequent Shoppers Program will enable Kudler Fine Foods to still make a profit. The return on the investment with this new program has to exceed its monetary cost factor to stay viable. The stores have to identify other cost saving measures for this program to stay solvent for years to come.Keeping up to day records in a forethought system will also help save time and money while understanding where money is spent and where it is saved. Investing in the Shoppers program will take considerable money to start with. The long-term gain if managed properly can make Kudler Foods more lucrative in the future. Managing the marketing and advertising expenses must be a number one priority along with investing in upgrades of the website and possible market research.Concluding this program will rely on reports regarding expenditures, which should be collected over a period several prior years. This will give Kudler a baseline for future gains or losses. This will also let Kudler Fine Foods see if the program is profitable from each succeeding year. Gains and losses, extreme scrutiny and constant tweaking of the program its website and security infrastructure will have to be made in order for this program to be a success.ReferenceApollo Group, I. (2007, 2010, 2011). Kudler Fine Foods. Retrieved November 26, 2012, from Sales and Marketing https//ecampus.phoenix.edu/secure/aapd/cist/vop/Business/Kudler2/intranet/marketing-overview.asp

HP Case Study Essay

The order Hewlett Packard (HP) was founded in 1938 by William Hewlett and David Packard, two electrical engineers from the Stanford University. They initially started it in a garage behind Packards home in the state of California, manufacturing only electronic instruments at that time. Their first product was a resistance-capacity audio oscillator, an instrument used to test the sound equipment. The biggest customer of that product was Walt Disney Company.In 1940, HP was formed, with the establishment of Hewlett and Packards own factory in Palo Alto. By the end of this year, HPs revenue exceeded $2 jillion and the company employed 166 employees. During 1950s HP gained popularity as a producer of innovative measuring and testing equipment of premium lumber. HP first acquired the F. L. Moseley Company in 1957, which was the producer of quality graphic recorders. After this, HP started to globalize its Business.In 1959, it opened the first Marketing office in Switzerland and a manuf acturing plant in Germany. Realizing the need to sustain the synergy in the organization Hewlett and Packard formulated the values and objectives of the organization, these values and objectives formed the basis of the management style at the company, referred as The HP Way nowadays. (Moganty, n. d. ) Thus HP transformed into a democratic organization where every employee has the autonomy to talk to his immediate boss and other employees having different grad equal positions.The company continued to diversify its business and entered the Asian market in 1963 forming a joint venture with a Japanese firm. In 1968, HP invented the HP 9100 desktop scientific calculator, after that many innovative reckoning products in the 1970s, hence, till 1980s HPs business portfolio was filled with a entire array of products and to strengthen its position HP acquired A jacket crowno Computers, which was then the leading manufacturer of workstations.By 1990s HP had 92,000 employees and earned reven ues of approximately $13. billion. External Environment With the quoin in PC industry of the United States in 1990, HP started to lag behind, and significantly loss a sh are in innovative products, it was non able to cope with the changing conductions in the industry due to its old fashioned organizational culture. Employees started becoming dissatisfied with the way the company was managed. According to a poll conducted among HP employees, HP lacked in clear directions and was said to have become too product oriented.In order to deal with this situation, HP decided to contract on its computer business and spun off its measuring, testing and medical equipment division into a new company. This was done in early 1999 and a new company named Agilent Technologies Inc. was founded, which only dealt with the devices other than those related to computing. As a consequence, HP was left with only four main divisions Personal computers, inkjet printers, laser printers and servers. Despite the measures, taken by the company to reduce costs and drafting a new internet strategy, it was believed that what HP actually needs is a change in leadership.So a CEO named Carly Fiorina was hired. Soon after becoming the CEO, she started a mass marketing program for HP, new advertisements were made in which the employees of HP were referred as A stout collection of inventors, many of those advertisements had Fiornia herself. But all of this went in vain, and on the top of it the merger between HP and Compaq Computers Corp. made the conditions even worst for HP. As a consequence, the companys culture change and new rules were set which were in the favor of the company according to Fiornia.But the laying off of approximately 17,000 HP employees was beyond the level of understanding of all the people. Ever since the merger took place HP was having disappointing earnings which indicated the epic fail of Fiornias leadership. HP was cladding continuous losses and the estimated sales f orecasts also turned out to be lower than what was expected. HPs share price also fall up to 13% and Fiornia was blamed for all this. According to critics, she was unsuccessful in managing the company well because during her tenure she behaved like a celebrity, travelling in limousine and not communicating with the employees face to face.Fiornia was terminated for not being able to delegate the firms strategies. (Paul, 2005) Industry Analysis Based on the Porters framework of industry analysis the following results are most likely to occur for HP Threat of New Entrants Since HP only has two major(ip) competitors, Lenovo and Dell, the threat of new entrants is not as a matter of concern for HP now-a-days. Because the products of HP are unique and are innovative and are not easy to copy by the rival companies or any new firm that is trying to enter in the PC industry.Even if the products of HP are copied they would not be as reliable as of HP. Bargaining Power of Suppliers HP believes in providing its customers with products that are of premium quality, and since there are only a couple of(prenominal) suppliers in the computing market, they may have an effective bargaining effect on HP to give them high charges for assembling or providing parts for their computing devices. Bargaining Power of Suppliers Customers are the main priority for any company and so for HP. In order to retain its customers, Hp made a human activity of efforts.It had provided its customers with innovative and unique products that no one else in the industry provided before. Threat of Substitutes Substitutes are available in the market for HP products, but as discussed earlier, the quality of HP products is much higher. Since, different technologies were introducing at the time of Fiornias tenure, HP was not able to keep up with its traditional image of producing innovative computer, so as a result the customers switched to other brands due to which the company started to get in losses. V yomesh, 2005) Rivalry Dell and Lenovo are major rivals of HP these companies gained the most when HP was facing different kinds of leadership crisis. When people started switching to these brands, the companies started to make the most of it and increased their prices, while disappointed customers of HP were ready to purchase other brands because HP was not performing up to the mark. (Novelguide, n. d. )

Fitness Goals Essay

Three fitness endings that I have for this school year are 1) to stop consuming all the cast out food I peradventure can but not all at once, day by day slowly decreasing the amounts of candy or chips that I eat because I know that it will be a hard task so I would prefer to adapt to it slowly, 2) Instead of watching TV, I want to submit up off the couch more and improve on my workouts, which I rarely ever even do. 3) Lastly would be to pick water as a beverage more often with my meals instead of having unhealthy sugary drinks.My first fitness goal is to stop eating so overmuch junk food. I would say that it is very necessary for me to stop eating junk food because that is what would be keeping me down. By keeping me down I entail that junk food is what is slowing me down from existence the size I should be and also in by succeeding in working out. For example, when my gymnasium class did the mile my goal to finish it was 15 minutes, I ended up taking longer than 15 minutes a nd I came in last. If my wear was treated better I would have probably finished before those 15 minutes and not have came in last.My second fitness goal is to I do not deny it, I am a couch potato. All which I shouldnt but I blame my parents for being extra overly protective and not letting me have freedom at all until I was 15. There little rule has brought me to where I am now, a couch potato. I dont know how but I want to try to falsify that. If I do not change that then whenever I actually have the full opportunity to be active it will be harder since I have wasted so much time. As I am now, I want to improve my working out skills to where I should be.My last fitness goal is to eliminate sugary drinks I would want to drink water with more of my meals. I pick water over soda, milk, or tea what calls me are the juices. I love lemonade, fruit trailer and other sugary drinks of that kind. I know that these drinks are very high in sugar that is why I wish to change this habit.

Case Study of Jetblue Ipo

Initial Public Offering is the first sale of stock by a private company to the public. The private company as an issuer entrusts an underwriter firm or a group of firms who help the issuer departure public. IPOs be such(prenominal) a big deal because any investors who hold stock at initial offering price would make a signifi placet capital actualize when the company goes public. Numerous cases of new issues have proved that investors rise in value. Mr. Schwartz (1999) listed some advantages of going public in his article.For instance, going public could be wanton for the company to access to capital market to raise capital via equity, debt or convertible securities. This also increases the liquidity of the company. Moreover, employees could be more motivated if company do some employee benefit policy based on stocks. At last, going public could increase companys redeeming(prenominal)will. Thus it would playact more business. In the case of Jetblue airways IPO valuation, the m otivations of JetBlues management board also prove the advantages listed.Based on some analysis of the case, three clear disadvantages reflect going public does not seem such fine. Firstly, the initial and ongoing expenses of going public are costly and multifarious. For example, before going public, some prerequisites should be fulfilled, and those prerequisites are complicated and costly. After going public, the company is not a private company and has obligations to disclosure annually or seasonally audited reports to public. Secondly, the management would over nidus on their share price, not operations.To avoid declining share price is their primary objective, so they may forgo some business plan that can bring long term benefits but cause share price decreasing in a short time. Thirdly, going public via IPO is unreasonably difficult, so it may experience a long time. During this period, the company may lose some other opportunities. To conclude, going public is a crucial decis ion for a company. So Jetblue also is concerned with it because there are some negative influences on its industry.Jetblue faced challenges after the terrorist attacks of September 2011. So it was not a good time to go public, but Jetblue still could make profits and grow aggressively. Going public could be considered. Meanwhile, there were fewer competitors in the IPO market. This portion could contribute to success of JetBlues issues. The valuation is very important for issuing securities. Too much overpricing may reduce investors enthusiasm. Too much underpricing may put up more free money and damage the interests of the company. There are three main methods o price the stock pricefree cash draw to equity method, free cash flow to firm method and relative valuation techniques. 1. FCFE FCFE method is not suitable for start-up companies or companies with an unstable capital structure. So in this case, FCFE method will be forgone. 2. FCFF FCFF is preferable for a company with a h istory of leverage changes, as its growth rate will be more stable than FCFE growth rate, which means FCFF is useful for startup companies without a stable capital structure. While valuating IPO, there are some key assumptions oddment growth rate is 4. % after 2010, the FCFF will constantly grow at a speed of 4. 5%. So the terminal value is 4,819. 24million. Here we can set the WACC (9. 21%) as the discount rate to calculate NPV. Share price is augurd around $30. To conclude, all the calculations are based on the Exhibit 13. The depend in the exhibit 13 is reasonable because all assumptions are based on reality. The aircraft has limited seats, so the output per aircraft is unchangeable. The only way to increase revenue enhancement is to increase the ticket price. So the growth rate is the inflation rate is reasonable.Moreover, the length of forecast period is also reasonable. From 2009, the value of FCFF turns to be positive. 3. Relative valuation techniques. Relative valuation is used to complement DCF analysis. The key steps are to identify similar or comparable investments and recent market prices for each and to opine the initial value of asset. The method of comparable involves using a price multiple to evaluate whether an asset is comparatively fairly valued, relatively undervalued, or relatively overvalued in relation to a benchmark value of the multiple.For this case of JetBlue, P/E multiple and EBIT multiple can be used as benchmarks to estimate the share price of JetBlue. P/E binary In the Exhibit 3, net income in 2001 equaled to $38,537,000. So share price is $38,537,000*29. 12/40,600,000=$27. 6 EBIT Multiple Business valuation= profits * EBIT multiple=38,537,000*20. 71=798,101,270 So share price= business valuation/ shares=$20 In summary, after those two valuations of the JetBlues IPO, we can recommend that the current price level ($26) is in a reasonable range.

Blackberry vs Iphone

Abstract The aim of this research was to study which is the best voguish telecommunicate shop among blackberry bush and I r totallyy by standard the rough-and-readyness of twain(pre noneinal) merchandising strut Product, Price, Place and Promotions. A theoretical investwork has been constructed and the assemblage chose to conduct an on annotation survey utilize the website that enables substance abusers to relieve oneself their own web-survey, in come in to gravel the needed data for this research. The issuances indicate that the best refreshing speech sound so far is blackberry be intellect their companion selling com aggregateed bages shed been greatly positioned in the lots mind and preferences.The selling mix is a business tools in trade result. The marketing mix is ofttimes crucial when determining a harvest-time or bell ringers unique selling point (the unique calibre that differentiates a output from its competitors) and is often synonymous wit h the four Ps (Borden, Neil. 1960). It is recommend that the marketing mix implemented by blackberry is the most effective for mobile phone manufacturing as healthy as the immaterial phone, and the strategy lies within it should be followed and exaggerated from time to time to capture the greater subscribe of consumers. . INTRODUCTION there has been a massive rationalise in the mobile pains over these past five long time. But in developing countries like Malaysia, the trend has skilful arrived here a couple years back. Every great deal walk by and teenagers run through, all with their send new flip phones. Laughter and belief exhaust encountered their live since the existence of the shiny phone. 1. History IBM Simon was designed in 1992 and shown as a concept product in a computer wad exhibition took mark in Las Vegas, Nevada.It was publish and sold by BellS byh in 1993, and besides being a mobile phone, it in addition contained a calendar, address book, orb clo ck, calculator, note pad, e-mail client, the ability to lodge and receivefaxes, and games. It had no physical buttons, instead clients employ atouch screento select telephone rime with a finger or pull in faxes and memos with an optional stylus. Text was entered with a unique on-screen predictive keyboard. The term smart phone was employ when Ericsson introduced the concept phone, GS88 and it was the archetypal gubbins labeled smart phone. The trend of smart phone has been a great business to mobile entrepreneurs to expand their product assortments and this opportunity has injected Malaysias scotch to a very potential growth. Hence, it as well drives the local entrepreneur to set up a franchise business from the top smart phone brand which is the essence of the study of mobile persistence in Malaysia. The relatively stable damages of clevernessphones averaging slightly $309 in the region give continue to drive the industrys strong growth momentum.In selenium Asia wh ere smart phone penetration is still nowhere near saturation levels, we can be sure that the real sales spurt pull up stakes subscribe to on for at least the next few years (The Next. 04-30. 2012). On the otherwise hand, Canadian Research in Motion Blackberry has taken the hotshot in the smart phone market and being positively challenged by Steve Jobs orchard apple tree Iphone, the American, and among the arena biggest inventors in mobile and computer. Blackberry and Iphone became a tsunami in the trend of consuming smart phone.Each and every part of newspapers and billboards has the advertisements and promotions of both brand simultaneously, all the a la mode(p) natural covering came by altogether with Blackberry and Iphone. volume were shocked and hardly believed that they experiencing a major revolution in their communicating devices and since then, hundreds and thousands of flock world-wide provide queue to deprave the new version of smart phone by apple and Black berry when it was released in the market. 1. 2 Background Responding to the tremendous wave of the smart phones, the group has initiated and conducted a research on cardinal smart phone market leaders, orchard apple tree and Blackberry.The research was in objective to find the best of the best by measuring the effectiveness of both marketing mixes. The group investigated the strategy they utilise in delivering the product to the customers and capturing the packs interests on it. The research was keyd as Iphone versus Blackberry market Mix, and by this research, the group learned how well they drove the industry by changing the hoi pollois wants into needs. 1. 3 COMPANY BACKGROUND 1. 3. 1 SMARTPH bingle blackberry Blackberry is a line of trendyphone device. It highly-developed and designed by Canadian beau monde Research in Motion (RIM) since 1999.The function of the Smartphone Blackberry is a individualised digital assistant, internet browsers, gaming devices, movable med ia players and so on. Their ability to sent and achieve email and instant massages is the primarily for maintaining a high level of earnest notion on device massages encryption. The device supports a large variety of instant massaging features including Blackberry Messengers (BBM). The number one Blackberry device was introduced as a two way pager in Germ any(prenominal) since 1999. The name of Smartphone was coined by the marketing social club Lexicon Branding.Smartphone Blackberry was released to support push the email, mobile telephone, text messaging, via internet faxing, web browsing and others wireless instruction function. This is an example of convergent device. The RIM 850 and 857 used the teaching Tac network is the original Blackberry device. Smartphone Blackberry is the first made headway in the market location by concentrating by email. The Blackberry email service to non-Blackberry devices menstruationly offers from RIM. For example is the Palm Treo through i ts Blackberry connect software. The original device had a monochrome display, but all current dumbfounds have color displays.All models had a built-in QWERTY keyboard, optimized for thumbing, the use of only the thumbs to type. The models are the all-touch Torch 9850/9860 except for the Storm serial publication. 1. 3. 2 SMARTPHONE IPHONE Iphone alike one of part line of the Smartphone designed. The market is by Apple Inc and it was unveiled by Steve Job, the CEO of Apple on January 2007. The iPhone 4s the generation 5th generation iPhone was announced on October 2011 and released 10 eld later. The function in iPhone 4 is a touch screen slate Smartphone also develop by Apple Inc.It is particularly marketed for video calling, consumption of media such as books and periodicals, movies and games and also for general web and email access. It was released in join Kingdom, France, Germany and Japan. Apple Inc. announced active iPhone 4 on 2010 at San Francisco. It runs Apples iOS ope rating system, the same operating system as used on foregoing iPhones, the iPad and the iPod Touch. The mainly control by the users fingertips on the multi-touch display. It is slender to fingertip contact and the latest operating system release is iOS 5. 1.The new design, which incorporated a UN insulated stainless steel frame that acts as the devices approach is the most noticeable difference between the iPhone 4 and its predecessors. The internal components are situated between two panels of chemically strengthened alumina glass. It has an Apple A4 central subroutineor and 512 MB of eDRAM. It predeceases and four times that of the original iPhone. Its 3. 5-inch (89mm)LED backlitliquid crystal displaywith a 960? 640 pixel gag law is marketed as the Retina Display. 1. 4 mise en scene OF PROJECT The project is astir(predicate) the comparison of Marketing Mix between Apple Inc.Corperation and Blackberry Company from United States of American which both of pioneer lede invent ors for Smart Phone in the world. Thus, it is focused on the several chosen model of Smart phone introduced by both company based on the Tools of Marketing Mix product, Price, Place and Promotion (4Ps) in which will be the measurement methods of the comparison. 1. 4. 1 Location 1. 3. 1. 1 The research is conducted in Bandar finishu Bangi, Selangor and the respondent is estimated around blow0 to 2000 mint. 1. 4. 2 Respondents segmentation 1. 3. 2. 1 Numbers of respondents 100 internet users 1. 3. 2. 2 Tools of research 1. 3. 2. Researches are exploitation 100% read/write headnaires via Internet Survey and not have other method. 1. 4. 2. 4 Microsoft formulate used in structuring the Gantt chart. 1. 4. 3 Limitations of project 1. 4. 3. 1 Website does not deliver the required chemical groups were experiencing the difficulties in seeking the information just some the company which the companys websites does not prove the required information. 1. 4. 3. 3 Internal conflict Grou p members also caused negative effects on project from internal conflict For example, group cannot give the full commitment with other for find the information to gather the data in work project. . prey of Project 1. Aim Revealing the best brand for the consumer based on the Marketing Mix 2. Objective 1. encyclopaedism the fundamentals of project management. 2. Improving the studies on research methodology such as collecting information, interpreting data and conducting survey 3. Applying the teamwork theories while initiating the project. 6. Problem tilt / Research Question Marketing mix is a generally phase used to describe the different kinds choices organization have to in the whole ferment of bringing a product or service to market.The 4Ps is one way probably the best spotn way of defining the marketing mix and was first expressed. (1960, EMJ McCarthy) A chore faced by the marketing mix for Smartphone between berry and I phone. People want to have how companies can ma nage the marketing mix with competitor from 4 sides 4Ps. for the first time is services or product, plenty want to know the features does it have to meet these needs and there are any features they missed out or including pricy features that the customer wont actually used, how and where will the the great unwashed use it.Secondly is about the place in marketing mix, people want more to know where do buyer look for the Smartphone product or services, the customer need used a sales constrict or attend the mickle fairs or make online submission or others. For marketing mix in worth, the problem statement people more to cognise what the value of the product or services to the buyer and what the offered to trade customer. At the brave problem statement is marketing mix it is people want to know is about promotion, what the best promotion company used their Smartphone in the press or on TV, radio or internet and others. . Target User The subroutine of this research was to examine which is the best smart phone brand between Blackberry and Apple I Phone based on the marketing mix of each product. Below are the people who were designed on the research 1. 7. 1 Blackberry and Apple I Phone users. Both smart phone brand users were the marker user and also the respondents of this research. 1. 7. 2 Other smart phone users and time to come users. Besides both brand users, other brand and non- users were also became the betoken user as they also the target audience for the companies. 1. LITERATURE REVIEW 2. Definition of marketing mix 2. 2 4Ps Nowadays, the demands of new technology of smart phones induce increasing from day to day. As the demands have been climbing up, all producers of the smart phones are compete with each other in producing the best products that meet the consumers demand. In this project paper, we are difficult to explore on the fraction of marketing mix which are product, place, price and promotion of the smart phones produced by Apple an d Blackberry. These two companies are well cognise as the prime producers of the smart phones because of their high technology.In link with that, this research is trying to focus on how the products affect the customer satisfaction. Customer satisfaction is very master(prenominal) social occasion to consider by the producers as it will affect the sale of the products and automatically increase the revenue. For Apple company, it is already known as the manufacturer of smart phones that manage to penetrates their products well into the market. Starting from the first model of Iphone, they finally capture the customer attention by their latest smart phone which is Iphone 4s. Blackberries also do not want to miss the opportunity to introduce their smart phones to the smart phones lovers.They have come out with the latest smart phones in exhibition to achieve the consumers needs and wants. How well their performance to attract the consumers to realize that their products exist in th e market? This research will determine how well their marketing in promoting their products. Apple and Blackberry are known as the great company that come out with smart phones and surely there are no other competitors can defeat them as their products and services are in the very good level of quality. There is a connection between service quality and customer satisfaction.If the service quality is in the very high level, there will be an increasing in customer satisfaction and it will get the customer retention towards the products. As the example, Blackberry has produced variety of smart phones starting from Bold 1 until Bold 5 as well as the demand of the consumers whom wants the latest version on smart phones. The same things are happening to Apple Company which has produced their product series of Iphone and the latest one is Iphone 4s. This kind of stance shows that service quality plays an distinguished role in adding up the customer satisfyHarvard Bureau of Business Res earch already did a research regarding marketing mix of food manufacturer in 1929. The primary objective of that research is to determine common figures of expenses for respective(a) marketing functions among food manufacturing companies. We are trying to do a kind of similar research paper on marketing mix for Blackberry and Apple Iphone to see which types between product, place, promotion and price is more effective in selling the products. The list of four fixingss of 4ps can be informed in more details.According to Borden, Neil H, the first element for product means what types of product lines that the company wants to offer. For example, the quality and design of certain product. Besides that, the new product policy should be considered too and research and development need to be done carefully. Secondly, is the place for selling the product. The manufacturer needs to consider the suitable place to sell their product so there will be no loss in the forthcoming. They need t o determine where to put the product and make sure that the product can be accepted in that place. Next, promotion also is the most important element in marketing mix.Promotion is the hardest part for manufacturer to farm their products. Last but not least, price also plays an important role in marketing mix. Price level must be determine whether it is suitable and low-priced enough for the consumers to get the products. Marketing mix is related to the consumers buying behavior, the trade behavior, competitions position and behavior, and also governments behavior. Marketing mix need to be grounds well by the manufacturer as it has proved that it help as a device in teaching, business problem solving, and as an aid of valueing in marketing.In research process, there will be a tool that would help in gathering the findings. For this research, there are several methods that have been used in collecting the findings. Firstly, by apply the questionnaire method. The questionnaires ha ve been given to the 100 people in order to find out the dish up on element of marketing mix and how the products affect the customer satisfaction. The interviewing method also be use to collect the information. The interviewing session is between the researcher and the Blackberry and Apple Iphone vender around Selangor region. 3. 0 METHODOLOGYOur group had various method of victimisation in the research. Among the method we used is questionnaire to get the response from people use Smartphone Blackberry and Iphone. It was distributing 100 questioners to people answer and get feedback as my research from their perception. Other else, our group also searching from internet for get much information and many examples about how many people development Smart Phone like Blackberry and Iphone in Malaysian and the questionnaire. In order that, we are always ask our lector Puan Hasnira as my lecturer the Group Project subject for monitoring.Other various we used of using in the research from interview a few friends using the Smart Phone at collage or out of collage and get the perception from this research. 1. SELECTION OF RESPONDENT For the selection of respondent we are used from both of Smartphone Apple Iphone and Blackberry brand users were the target user and also the respondents of this research. In order that, we are also used from other Smartphone user or future users, beside both brand users, other brand and non- users were also became the target user as they also the target audience for the companies. . Questionnaire In order that, the survey used by on internet for the questionnaire to promote our product. We passed the questionnaire based on Facebook, email and other else. Our group used the Survey Monkey for making the questionnaire and save all data and all answer from people. utilise the survey on internet can make people to answer our questionnaire and helps makes success on survey. Its thriving to pass the questionnaire from survey buy internet . 3. Data Collection Study Besides that, have five parts on the questionnaire for making the question.Part A people answer the question based on slurredheaded the question and choose the answer based people choice. Part B is people should be underline the product are using and answer the question based on your product, also with part C and part E. Part D people should be thick the answer based on the shock for answer the question. 4. PROJECT MANAGEMENT 1. WORK BREAKD stimulate STRUCTURE The approach of breaking down the work used by the group in prior to converge in developing a detailed list of the activities needed to execute this project . The figure under shows the group WBS for the project. pic 2. COLLECTING THE training 1. Collecting information The very first step in project executing. The information poised is all about the marketing mix for Apple and Blackberry. 2. Analyzing and dividing information The information collected is being analyze and divided. 3. Gathering output The information that have been analyze are collected together to find out the results or findings 4. extenuation The process of arranging and gathering the collected data. 3. CONDUCTING INTERVIEW 1. Conducting interview Interview is the next process afterward information have been collected.The interview approaches is using to gather the information from the respondent. In this case, the respondent is the salesperson of Apple and Blackberry phones. 2. Analyze indispensableness The process of analyzing the requirement needed to identify the types of information gathered. 3. investigation information The next process in work breakdown structure. The information gathered must be investigate to find the results. 4. Gathering output The cash in ones chips step is gathering the output or the information get from the interview session and arrange in refine order. 4. SURVEY 1. SurveyThe survey is carry out in Bandar Baru Bangi where the expected respondent is the most. 2. Endors ement of questionnaires The questionnaires prepared are distributed to the target respondent in Bandar Baru Bangi. 3. Intepreting information The process of translating the data into useful information 4. Moderation The process of arranging the data collected. 5. 0 FINDING AND ANALYSIS PHONES BRAND USER pic haoma 5. 1 explain how many people using the brands of Smartphone between genders. For male using the Smartphone Iphone is 8%, Blackberry 26% and for Non-user Smartphone is 7%.In order that genders for female using the Smartphone Iphone are 9%, Blackberry 38% and Non-user Smartphone is 12%. The higher user using Smartphone Blackberry for female and male. OCCUPATION pic class 5. 2 explain the periodic income in occupation user for the Smartphone. periodic income below RM1000 is using the Smartphone start from student, the higher using then Smartphone is 46%, docile Collar Worker and uninfected Collar Worker is 2%. For periodical income around RM1000-RM3000 for student is 2 %, Blue Collar Worker is 25 and White Collar is 8%.In order that for monthly income RM300 and above more to Blue Collar Worker 5% and White Collar Worker is 11%. WHAT DO YOU debate OF THE PHONE? pic Figure 5. 3 explain what people think about the brands of users. Firstly for its a new product the user of Iphone is 8%, Blackberry is 12% and Non-user Smartphone is 3%. Iphone user state the think of the phone is 7%, blackberry is 28% and Non-user is 2% and lastly is about because a lot of people are using it for user Iphone is 2%, Blackberry is 24% and Non-user Smartphone is 14%. Many users Blackberry in this Bar Chart.WHY DO YOU CHOOSE THE PHONE? pic Figure 5. 4 explain why people choose the Smartphone. The user Non-user 4%, Blackberry 18% and Iphone 3% choose because the phone suits with their preferences. In order that, 5% for Non-user, 23% for Blackberry and 7% for Iphone choose the phone cause of they are like the features. And lastly because of the new trend, Smartphone Iphone s upport 7%, Blackberry 23% and Non-user is 10%. DO YOU rally THAT THE PRICE OF YOUR PRODUCT IS REASONABLE? pic Bar Chart explains what people think the price in product is reasonable for Smartphone.Have 7% support yes and no from neither. In order that, from Smartphone Blackberry had 63% give tongue to yes and 5% say no. Smartphone Iphone 26% said the price is reasonable and 2% is not accepting the price is reasonable. DO YOU bed THE LATEST promotion OFFERED ON THE PHONE? pic Figure 5. 6 explain how many people know the promotion latest in advertisement offered on the Smartphone. For television have 14% said yes, 4% said no and 1% did not hear new promotions. Radio, only 3% said yes. Internet, 45% said yes, 2% said no and did not hear the promotions.Newspaper, 18% said yes, 3% said no and 1% said did not hear new promotions. And last people know the latest promotion on banner, 5% said yes and only 1% said no. the higher people know the latest promotion on internet. WHAT IS YOUR OPINION TOWARDS THE PHONE? pic Figure 5. 7 explain about what whimsey of people towards the phone choose. The first creed its had 5% it is a they are dont think that the phone is the best in market for now, also 18% people give the opinion is they are surely hope that there is more new model to come .In order that had others such as their own opinion support 9% and the higher opinion from people its 77%, they are said the phone they are used is the best phone so far. WHICH ONE DO YOU FEEL THAT IT IS WORTH TO OWN EVEN THOUGH IT COSTS? pic Pie chart in Figure 5. 8 explains about which one people feel that it is worth to own even thought it costs? Have 16% people feel that IPhone it worth to their own even though it costs than BlackBerry its 84%. I KNOW THE NEAREST consequence THAT SELLS THE PHONE. pic Figure 5. 9 explain about how many people nearest way out that sells the phone.And the result its 23% said disagree about nearest the outlet, 4% said neutral and the higher its 73% people said agree about the people know the nearest outlet that sell the phone. And many people agree about that. I FIND IT IS HARD FOR ME TO GO TO THE OULET BECAUSE IT IS NOT strategically LOCATED. pic Figure 6. 0 explain that people how to easy people go to the outlet because it is not strategically turn up. The result is 10% people agree the located it not good strategies, 29% said that are neutral and the higher said 61% people said disagree about the located its not strategies.I LIKE TO GO TO THE OUTLET TO CHECK OUT NEW MODEL BECAUSE THE OUTLET IS VERY ACCOMMODATING AND THE SERVICE IS EXCELLENT. pic Figure 6. 1 explain how many people agree or disagree with like to go the outlet to check out new model because the outlet is very cooperative and the service is excellent. 15% neutral, in order that 29% its agreed and the higher like to go the outlet to check out new model is disagree 56%. DO YOU THINK THAT THE ADVERTISEMENT BY THE COMPANY ALERTED YOU ON THE EXISTENCE OF THE PHON E? pic Figure 6. 2 explain what people thing about the advertisement by the company alerted on the existence of the phone?People alert the existence of the phone is 70% said yes, that mean people said yes is higher. Second is 22% people said not entirely the company alert on the existence of the phone and lastly is 8%% people said no. 6. RECOMMENDATION base on the research findings, Apple and Blackberry should improve their marketing strategy that focus on these four elements product, place, price and promotion. The manufacturer must determine what product that fit the customers need and wants. The product produced need to satisfy the customers demand so that they can generate more proceeds rather than losses.In view of place, the Apple and Blackberry companies should have a detail research to sell their products well. The wrong place can affects the sales of products. Pricing also plays an important role in selling the goods. The price need to match with the target prospects inco me and affordable to own. Last but not least, promotion is the part of a good marketing process. Without promotion, even greatest products cant be penetrated well into the market. 7. last The conclusion was that our research Smartphone would last the semipermanent in the entire device the tested. Our conclusion do support from our research paper.What we think that the research we are went smoothly and can handle any problem we have, except for the fact that the respondent in our survey its not satisfaction because it is not running dissipated in something. Therefore, we had to take measurements quickly. An interesting future for our research might involve testing about our research and marketing mix in Smartphone Blackberry and Apple IPhone to stimulate actual customer using is higher or lower in marketing mix plan. 8. REFFERENCES Abkowitz Alyssa. Hempel Jessi. Thai, Kim. How Blackberry Does It. (2009). Fortune 160,(4), pg. 92-100. Retired October 2009, from Business inauguratio ns Complete Anderson, Thomas M. What You remove to Know About Smartphones 2. 0. (2009). Kiplingers person-to-person Finance, 63, (11), pg. 79. Retrieved October 2009, from Business Source Complete. Canadian company Research In Motion (RIM) since 1999. 2. managementparadise. com/forums/marketing- management/209000-marketing-mix-blackberry. html. Cleverly Simple. (2009). Economist, 392, (8651), pg. 80-81. Retrieved October 2009, from Business Source Complete. Datamonitor Apple Inc. (2009). Apple Inc. SWOT Analysis, p. 1-11. Retrieved October 2009, From digital Daily John Paczkowski IPhones Desire Drive (2010).Blackberry vs IphoneAbstract The aim of this research was to investigate which is the best smart phone brand between Blackberry and Iphone by measuring the effectiveness of both marketing mix Product, Price, Place and Promotions. A theoretical framework has been constructed and the group chose to conduct an online survey using the website that enables users to create their ow n web-survey, in order to acquire the needed data for this research. The results indicate that the best smart phone so far is Blackberry because their company marketing mixes have been greatly positioned in the peoples mind and preferences.The marketing mix is a business tools in marketing product. The marketing mix is often crucial when determining a product or brands unique selling point (the unique quality that differentiates a product from its competitors) and is often synonymous with the four Ps (Borden, Neil. 1960). It is recommend that the marketing mix implemented by Blackberry is the most effective for mobile phone industry as well as the smart phone, and the strategy lies within it should be followed and exaggerated from time to time to capture the greater demand of consumers. . INTRODUCTION There has been a massive trend in the mobile industry over these past five years. But in developing countries like Malaysia, the trend has just arrived here a couple years back. Every people walk by and teenagers run through, all with their brand new smart phones. Laughter and joy have encountered their live since the existence of the smart phone. 1. History IBM Simon was designed in 1992 and shown as a concept product in a computer trade exhibition took place in Las Vegas, Nevada.It was published and sold by BellSouth in 1993, and besides being a mobile phone, it also contained a calendar, address book, world clock, calculator, note pad, e-mail client, the ability to send and receivefaxes, and games. It had no physical buttons, instead customers used atouch screento select telephone numbers with a finger or create faxes and memos with an optional stylus. Text was entered with a unique on-screen predictive keyboard. The term smart phone was used when Ericsson introduced the concept phone, GS88 and it was the first device labeled smart phone. The trend of smart phone has been a great business to mobile entrepreneurs to expand their product assortments and this opp ortunity has injected Malaysias economic to a very potential growth. Hence, it also drives the local entrepreneur to set up a franchise business from the top smart phone brand which is the essence of the development of mobile industry in Malaysia. The relatively stable prices of Smartphones averaging around $309 in the region will continue to drive the industrys strong growth momentum.In Southeast Asia where smart phone penetration is still nowhere near saturation levels, we can be sure that the current sales spurt will carry on for at least the next few years (The Next. 04-30. 2012). On the other hand, Canadian Research in Motion Blackberry has taken the lead in the smart phone market and being positively challenged by Steve Jobs Apple Iphone, the American, and among the world biggest inventors in mobile and computer. Blackberry and Iphone became a tsunami in the trend of consuming smart phone.Each and every part of newspapers and billboards has the advertisements and promotions of both brand simultaneously, all the latest application came by altogether with Blackberry and Iphone. People were shocked and hardly believed that they experiencing a major revolution in their communicating devices and since then, hundreds and thousands of people world-wide will queue to buy the new version of smart phone by Apple and Blackberry when it was released in the market. 1. 2 Background Responding to the tremendous wave of the smart phones, the group has initiated and conducted a research on two smart phone market leaders, Apple and Blackberry.The research was in objective to find the best of the best by measuring the effectiveness of both marketing mixes. The group investigated the strategy they used in delivering the product to the customers and capturing the peoples interests on it. The research was named as Iphone versus Blackberry Marketing Mix, and by this research, the group learned how well they drove the industry by changing the peoples wants into needs. 1. 3 COMP ANY BACKGROUND 1. 3. 1 SMARTPHONE BLACKBERRY Blackberry is a line of Smartphone device. It developed and designed by Canadian company Research in Motion (RIM) since 1999.The function of the Smartphone Blackberry is a personal digital assistant, internet browsers, gaming devices, portable media players and so on. Their ability to sent and achieve email and instant massages is the primarily for maintaining a high level of security thought on device massages encryption. The device supports a large variety of instant massaging features including Blackberry Messengers (BBM). The first Blackberry device was introduced as a two way pager in Germany since 1999. The name of Smartphone was coined by the marketing company Lexicon Branding.Smartphone Blackberry was released to support push the email, mobile telephone, text messaging, via internet faxing, web browsing and others wireless information services. This is an example of convergent device. The RIM 850 and 857 used the Data Tac network is the original Blackberry device. Smartphone Blackberry is the first made headway in the marketplace by concentrating by email. The Blackberry email service to non-Blackberry devices currently offers from RIM. For example is the Palm Treo through its Blackberry connect software. The original device had a monochrome display, but all current models have color displays.All models had a built-in QWERTY keyboard, optimized for thumbing, the use of only the thumbs to type. The models are the all-touch Torch 9850/9860 except for the Storm series. 1. 3. 2 SMARTPHONE IPHONE Iphone also one of part line of the Smartphone designed. The market is by Apple Inc and it was unveiled by Steve Job, the CEO of Apple on January 2007. The iPhone 4s the generation 5th generation iPhone was announced on October 2011 and released 10 days later. The function in iPhone 4 is a touch screen slate Smartphone also develop by Apple Inc.It is particularly marketed for video calling, consumption of media such as b ooks and periodicals, movies and games and also for general web and email access. It was released in United Kingdom, France, Germany and Japan. Apple Inc. announced about iPhone 4 on 2010 at San Francisco. It runs Apples iOS operating system, the same operating system as used on prior iPhones, the iPad and the iPod Touch. The mainly control by the users fingertips on the multi-touch display. It is sensitive to fingertip contact and the latest operating system release is iOS 5. 1.The new design, which incorporated a UN insulated stainless steel frame that acts as the devices antenna is the most noticeable difference between the iPhone 4 and its predecessors. The internal components are situated between two panels of chemically strengthened alumina glass. It has an Apple A4 processor and 512 MB of eDRAM. It predeceases and four times that of the original iPhone. Its 3. 5-inch (89mm)LED backlitliquid crystal displaywith a 960? 640 pixel resolution is marketed as the Retina Display. 1. 4 SCOPE OF PROJECT The project is about the comparison of Marketing Mix between Apple Inc.Corperation and Blackberry Company from United States of American which both of pioneer leading inventors for Smart Phone in the world. Thus, it is focused on the several chosen model of Smart phone introduced by both company based on the Tools of Marketing Mix product, Price, Place and Promotion (4Ps) in which will be the measurement methods of the comparison. 1. 4. 1 Location 1. 3. 1. 1 The research is conducted in Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor and the respondent is estimated around 1000 to 2000 people. 1. 4. 2 Respondents segmentation 1. 3. 2. 1 Numbers of respondents 100 internet users 1. 3. 2. 2 Tools of research 1. 3. 2. Researches are using 100% questionnaires via Internet Survey and not have other method. 1. 4. 2. 4 Microsoft Project used in structuring the Gantt chart. 1. 4. 3 Limitations of project 1. 4. 3. 1 Website does not provide the required Groups were experiencing the difficulti es in seeking the information about the company which the companys websites does not prove the required information. 1. 4. 3. 3 Internal conflict Group members also caused negative effects on project from internal conflict For example, group cannot give the full commitment with other for find the information to collect the data in work project. . Objective of Project 1. Aim Revealing the best brand for the consumer based on the Marketing Mix 2. Objective 1. Learning the fundamentals of project management. 2. Improving the studies on research methodology such as collecting information, interpreting data and conducting survey 3. Applying the teamwork theories while initiating the project. 6. Problem Statement / Research Question Marketing mix is a generally phase used to describe the different kinds choices organization have to in the whole process of bringing a product or service to market.The 4Ps is one way probably the best known way of defining the marketing mix and was first ex pressed. (1960, EMJ McCarthy) A problem faced by the marketing mix for Smartphone between BlackBerry and I phone. People want to know how companies can manage the marketing mix with competitor from 4 sides 4Ps. Firstly is services or product, people want to know the features does it have to meet these needs and there are any features they missed out or including costly features that the customer wont actually used, how and where will the people use it.Secondly is about the place in marketing mix, people want more to know where do buyer look for the Smartphone product or services, the customer need used a sales force or attend the trade fairs or make online submission or others. For marketing mix in price, the problem statement people more to known what the value of the product or services to the buyer and what the offered to trade customer. At the last problem statement is marketing mix it is people want to know is about promotion, what the best promotion company used their Smartpho ne in the press or on TV, radio or internet and others. . Target User The purpose of this research was to examine which is the best smart phone brand between Blackberry and Apple I Phone based on the marketing mix of each product. Below are the people who were targeted on the research 1. 7. 1 Blackberry and Apple I Phone users. Both smart phone brand users were the target user and also the respondents of this research. 1. 7. 2 Other smart phone users and future users. Besides both brand users, other brand and non- users were also became the target user as they also the target audience for the companies. 1. LITERATURE REVIEW 2. Definition of marketing mix 2. 2 4Ps Nowadays, the demands of new technology of smart phones become increasing from day to day. As the demands have been climbing up, all producers of the smart phones are compete with each other in producing the best products that meet the consumers demand. In this project paper, we are trying to explore on the element of mar keting mix which are product, place, price and promotion of the smart phones produced by Apple and Blackberry. These two companies are well known as the prime producers of the smart phones because of their high technology.In link with that, this research is trying to focus on how the products affect the customer satisfaction. Customer satisfaction is very important thing to consider by the producers as it will affect the sale of the products and automatically increase the revenue. For Apple company, it is already known as the manufacturer of smart phones that manage to penetrates their products well into the market. Starting from the first model of Iphone, they finally capture the customer attention by their latest smart phone which is Iphone 4s. Blackberries also do not want to miss the opportunity to introduce their smart phones to the smart phones lovers.They have come out with the latest smart phones in order to fulfill the consumers needs and wants. How well their performance t o attract the consumers to realize that their products exist in the market? This research will determine how well their marketing in promoting their products. Apple and Blackberry are known as the great company that come out with smart phones and certainly there are no other competitors can defeat them as their products and services are in the very good level of quality. There is a connection between service quality and customer satisfaction.If the service quality is in the very high level, there will be an increasing in customer satisfaction and it will keep the customer retention towards the products. As the example, Blackberry has produced variety of smart phones starting from Bold 1 until Bold 5 as well as the demand of the consumers whom wants the latest version on smart phones. The same things are happening to Apple Company which has produced their product series of Iphone and the latest one is Iphone 4s. This kind of situation shows that service quality plays an important rol e in adding up the customer satisfyHarvard Bureau of Business Research already did a research regarding marketing mix of food manufacturer in 1929. The primary objective of that research is to determine common figures of expenses for various marketing functions among food manufacturing companies. We are trying to do a kind of similar research paper on marketing mix for Blackberry and Apple Iphone to see which types between product, place, promotion and price is more effective in selling the products. The list of four elements of 4ps can be explained in more details.According to Borden, Neil H, the first element for product means what types of product lines that the company wants to offer. For example, the quality and design of certain product. Besides that, the new product policy should be considered too and research and development need to be done carefully. Secondly, is the place for selling the product. The manufacturer needs to consider the suitable place to sell their product s o there will be no loss in the future. They need to determine where to put the product and make sure that the product can be accepted in that place. Next, promotion also is the most important element in marketing mix.Promotion is the hardest part for manufacturer to promote their products. Last but not least, price also plays an important role in marketing mix. Price level must be determine whether it is suitable and affordable enough for the consumers to get the products. Marketing mix is related to the consumers buying behavior, the trade behavior, competitions position and behavior, and also governments behavior. Marketing mix need to be understanding well by the manufacturer as it has proved that it help as a device in teaching, business problem solving, and as an aid of sentiment in marketing.In research process, there will be a tool that would help in gathering the findings. For this research, there are several methods that have been used in collecting the findings. Firstly, by using the questionnaire method. The questionnaires have been given to the 100 people in order to find out the answer on element of marketing mix and how the products affect the customer satisfaction. The interviewing method also be use to collect the information. The interviewing session is between the researcher and the Blackberry and Apple Iphone seller around Selangor region. 3. 0 METHODOLOGYOur group had various method of using in the research. Among the method we used is questionnaire to get the response from people using Smartphone Blackberry and Iphone. It was distributing 100 questioners to people answer and get feedback as my research from their perception. Other else, our group also searching from internet for get much information and many examples about how many people using Smart Phone like Blackberry and Iphone in Malaysian and the questionnaire. In order that, we are always ask our lecturer Puan Hasnira as my lecturer the Group Project subject for monitoring.Other v arious we used of using in the research from interview a few friends using the Smart Phone at collage or out of collage and get the perception from this research. 1. SELECTION OF RESPONDENT For the selection of respondent we are used from both of Smartphone Apple Iphone and Blackberry brand users were the target user and also the respondents of this research. In order that, we are also used from other Smartphone user or future users, beside both brand users, other brand and non- users were also became the target user as they also the target audience for the companies. . Questionnaire In order that, the survey used by on internet for the questionnaire to promote our product. We passed the questionnaire based on Facebook, email and other else. Our group used the Survey Monkey for making the questionnaire and save all data and all answer from people. Used the survey on internet can make people to answer our questionnaire and helps makes success on survey. Its easy to pass the question naire from survey buy internet. 3. Data Collection Study Besides that, have five parts on the questionnaire for making the question.Part A people answer the question based on thick the question and choose the answer based people choice. Part B is people should be underline the product are using and answer the question based on your product, also with part C and part E. Part D people should be thick the answer based on the box for answer the question. 4. PROJECT MANAGEMENT 1. WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE The approach of breaking down the work used by the group in prior to converge in developing a detailed list of the activities needed to execute this project . The figure below shows the group WBS for the project. pic 2. COLLECTING THE INFORMATION 1. Collecting information The very first step in project executing. The information collected is all about the marketing mix for Apple and Blackberry. 2. Analyzing and dividing information The information collected is being analyze and divided. 3. Gathering output The information that have been analyze are collected together to find out the results or findings 4. Moderation The process of arranging and gathering the collected data. 3. CONDUCTING INTERVIEW 1. Conducting interview Interview is the next process after information have been collected.The interview approaches is using to gather the information from the respondent. In this case, the respondent is the salesperson of Apple and Blackberry phones. 2. Analyze requirement The process of analyzing the requirement needed to identify the types of information gathered. 3. Investigating information The next process in work breakdown structure. The information gathered must be investigate to find the results. 4. Gathering output The last step is gathering the output or the information get from the interview session and arrange in correct order. 4. SURVEY 1. SurveyThe survey is carry out in Bandar Baru Bangi where the expected respondent is the most. 2. Endorsement of questio nnaires The questionnaires prepared are distributed to the target respondent in Bandar Baru Bangi. 3. Intepreting information The process of translating the data into useful information 4. Moderation The process of arranging the data collected. 5. 0 FINDING AND ANALYSIS PHONES BRAND USER pic Figure 5. 1 explain how many people using the brands of Smartphone between genders. For male using the Smartphone Iphone is 8%, Blackberry 26% and for Non-user Smartphone is 7%.In order that genders for female using the Smartphone Iphone are 9%, Blackberry 38% and Non-user Smartphone is 12%. The higher user using Smartphone Blackberry for female and male. OCCUPATION pic Figure 5. 2 explain the monthly income in occupation user for the Smartphone. Monthly income below RM1000 is using the Smartphone start from student, the higher using then Smartphone is 46%, Blue Collar Worker and White Collar Worker is 2%. For monthly income around RM1000-RM3000 for student is 2%, Blue Collar Worker is 25 and Wh ite Collar is 8%.In order that for monthly income RM300 and above more to Blue Collar Worker 5% and White Collar Worker is 11%. WHAT DO YOU THINK OF THE PHONE? pic Figure 5. 3 explain what people think about the brands of users. Firstly for its a new product the user of Iphone is 8%, Blackberry is 12% and Non-user Smartphone is 3%. Iphone user said the think of the phone is 7%, blackberry is 28% and Non-user is 2% and lastly is about because a lot of people are using it for user Iphone is 2%, Blackberry is 24% and Non-user Smartphone is 14%. Many users Blackberry in this Bar Chart.WHY DO YOU CHOOSE THE PHONE? pic Figure 5. 4 explain why people choose the Smartphone. The user Non-user 4%, Blackberry 18% and Iphone 3% choose because the phone suits with their preferences. In order that, 5% for Non-user, 23% for Blackberry and 7% for Iphone choose the phone cause of they are like the features. And lastly because of the new trend, Smartphone Iphone support 7%, Blackberry 23% and Non-use r is 10%. DO YOU THINK THAT THE PRICE OF YOUR PRODUCT IS REASONABLE? pic Bar Chart explains what people think the price in product is reasonable for Smartphone.Have 7% support yes and no from neither. In order that, from Smartphone Blackberry had 63% said yes and 5% said no. Smartphone Iphone 26% said the price is reasonable and 2% is not accepting the price is reasonable. DO YOU KNOW THE LATEST PROMOTION OFFERED ON THE PHONE? pic Figure 5. 6 explain how many people know the promotion latest in advertisement offered on the Smartphone. For television have 14% said yes, 4% said no and 1% did not hear new promotions. Radio, only 3% said yes. Internet, 45% said yes, 2% said no and did not hear the promotions.Newspaper, 18% said yes, 3% said no and 1% said did not hear new promotions. And last people know the latest promotion on banner, 5% said yes and only 1% said no. the higher people know the latest promotion on internet. WHAT IS YOUR OPINION TOWARDS THE PHONE? pic Figure 5. 7 explain about what opinion of people towards the phone choose. The first opinion its had 5% it is a they are dont think that the phone is the best in market for now, also 18% people give the opinion is they are certainly hope that there is more new model to come .In order that had others such as their own opinion support 9% and the higher opinion from people its 77%, they are said the phone they are used is the best phone so far. WHICH ONE DO YOU FEEL THAT IT IS WORTH TO OWN EVEN THOUGH IT COSTS? pic Pie chart in Figure 5. 8 explains about which one people feel that it is worth to own even thought it costs? Have 16% people feel that IPhone it worth to their own even though it costs than BlackBerry its 84%. I KNOW THE NEAREST OUTLET THAT SELLS THE PHONE. pic Figure 5. 9 explain about how many people nearest outlet that sells the phone.And the result its 23% said disagree about nearest the outlet, 4% said neutral and the higher its 73% people said agree about the people know the nearest outl et that sell the phone. And many people agree about that. I FIND IT IS HARD FOR ME TO GO TO THE OULET BECAUSE IT IS NOT STRATEGICALLY LOCATED. pic Figure 6. 0 explain that people how to easy people go to the outlet because it is not strategically located. The result is 10% people agree the located it not good strategies, 29% said that are neutral and the higher said 61% people said disagree about the located its not strategies.I LIKE TO GO TO THE OUTLET TO CHECK OUT NEW MODEL BECAUSE THE OUTLET IS VERY ACCOMMODATING AND THE SERVICE IS EXCELLENT. pic Figure 6. 1 explain how many people agree or disagree with like to go the outlet to check out new model because the outlet is very accommodating and the service is excellent. 15% neutral, in order that 29% its agreed and the higher like to go the outlet to check out new model is disagree 56%. DO YOU THINK THAT THE ADVERTISEMENT BY THE COMPANY ALERTED YOU ON THE EXISTENCE OF THE PHONE? pic Figure 6. 2 explain what people thing about the a dvertisement by the company alerted on the existence of the phone?People alert the existence of the phone is 70% said yes, that mean people said yes is higher. Second is 22% people said not entirely the company alert on the existence of the phone and lastly is 8%% people said no. 6. RECOMMENDATION Based on the research findings, Apple and Blackberry should improve their marketing strategy that focus on these four elements product, place, price and promotion. The manufacturer must determine what product that fit the customers need and wants. The product produced need to satisfy the customers demand so that they can generate more profit rather than losses.In view of place, the Apple and Blackberry companies should have a detail research to sell their products well. The wrong place can affects the sales of products. Pricing also plays an important role in selling the goods. The price need to match with the target prospects income and affordable to own. Last but not least, promotion is the part of a good marketing process. Without promotion, even greatest products cant be penetrated well into the market. 7. CONCLUSION The conclusion was that our research Smartphone would last the longest in the entire device the tested. Our conclusion do support from our research paper.What we think that the research we are went smoothly and can handle any problem we have, except for the fact that the respondent in our survey its not satisfaction because it is not running fast in something. Therefore, we had to take measurements quickly. An interesting future for our research might involve testing about our research and marketing mix in Smartphone Blackberry and Apple IPhone to stimulate actual customer using is higher or lower in marketing mix plan. 8. REFFERENCES Abkowitz Alyssa. Hempel Jessi. Thai, Kim. How Blackberry Does It. (2009). Fortune 160,(4), pg. 92-100. Retired October 2009, from BusinessSources Complete Anderson, Thomas M. What You Need to Know About Smartphones 2. 0 . (2009). Kiplingers Personal Finance, 63, (11), pg. 79. Retrieved October 2009, from Business Source Complete. Canadian company Research In Motion (RIM) since 1999. 2. managementparadise. com/forums/marketing- management/209000-marketing-mix-blackberry. html. Cleverly Simple. (2009). Economist, 392, (8651), pg. 80-81. Retrieved October 2009, from Business Source Complete. Datamonitor Apple Inc. (2009). Apple Inc. SWOT Analysis, p. 1-11. Retrieved October 2009, From Digital Daily John Paczkowski IPhones Desire Drive (2010).

Advantages of Communication in Today’s Life

Ted Childs, IBMs vice president of orbicular workforce diversity, knows from years of experience that communicating successfully across cultures is no simple task, however curiously in a company that employs more than 325,000 spate and sells to customers in roughly 175 countries around the world. dustup al adept presents a formidable barrier to communion when you consider that IBMs workforce speaks more than one hundred sixty-five languages, but language is just one of umteen elements that play a role in intercourse between cultures.Differences in age, ethnic background, gender, sexual orientation, physical ability, and economic status put up wholly run the communication process. Childs recognizes that these differences represent both a ch on the wholeenge and an oopportunity, and a key part of his job is dower IBM executives and employees work unitedly in a way that transforms their cultural differences into a critical barter strength. As he Ted Childs oversees IBMs ef forts to build competitory advantage by capitalizing on the benefits of a assorted workforce. 64WORLD IBMs experience (profiled in the chapter-opening Communication Close-Up) illustrates both the challenges and the opportunities for business professional persons who know how to communicate with diverse audiences. Although the concept is very much framed in terms of ethnic background, a broader and more useful definition of diversity includes all the characteristics and experiences that define each of us as individuals. 2 As youll learn in this chapter, these characteristics and experiences can pass water a profound effect on the way businesspeople communicate.To a large degree, these effects on communication be the result of fundamental differences between cultures. Intercultural communication is the process of sending and receiving messages between people whose cultural background could lead them to interpret verbal and nonverbal signs differently. Every attempt to send and commence messages is influenced by culture, so to communicate successfully, youll need a basic grasp of the cultural differences you may come upon and how you should handle them.Your efforts to recognize and surmount cultural differences give open up business opportunities tthroughout the world and maximise the contribution of all the employees in a diverse workforce. The Opportunities in a Global Marketplace You will communicate with people from some other(a) cultures tthroughout your c atomic number 18er. You might be a business manager watching for untried customers or new sources of labor. Or you might be an employee looking for new work opportunities. Either way, chances are good that youll be looking across inter earthal borders sometime in your career.Thousands of U. S. businesses depend on exports for meaningful portions of their revenues. Every year, these companies export roughly $700 billion in materials and merchandise, along with billions more in personal and pr ofessional services. If you work in one of these companies, you may well be called on to visit or at least communicate with a grand vvariety of people who speak languages other than English and who live in cultures quite different from what youre used to (see Figure 3. 1).Of the top ten export markets for U. S. products, only tether (Canada, Great Britain, and Singapore) speak English as an official language, and ii of those three (Canada and Singapore) have more than one official language. 3 In the global marketplace, most natural boundaries and national borders are no lengthy the impassable barriers they once were. Domestic markets are opening to worldwide competition as businesses of all sizes look for new growth opportunities outside their own countries.For example, automotive giant Ford markets to customers in some one hundred thirty countries, providing websites that offer local information, usually in the local language. 4 The diversity of todays workforce brings distinc t advantages to businesses A broader oscilloscope of views and ideas A better understanding of diverse, fragmented markets A broader pool of gift from which to recruit The Advantages of a Diverse Workforce Even if you never visit another country or transact business on a global scale, you will interact with colleagues from a vvariety of cultures with a wide unravel of characteristics and life experiences.Over the past few decades, many innovative companies have changed the way they approach diversity, from seeing it as a legal requirement to provide equal opportunities to seeing it as a strategical oopportunity to connect with customers and take advantage of the broadest possible pool of talent. 5 Smart business leaders much(prenominal) as IBMs Ted CHAPTER 3 Communicating in a World of Diversity 65 introduce 3. 1 Languages of the World This map illustrates the incredible array of languages used around the world.Each dot represents the geographic burden of the more than 6, 900 languages tracked by the linguistic research firm SIL International. Even if all of your business communication takes place in English, you will interact with audiences who speak a vvariety of other native languages. Childs recognize the competitive advantages of a diverse workforce that offers a broader spectrum of viewpoints and ideas, helps companies understand and identify with diverse markets, and enables companies to benefit from a wider range of employee talents.As Renee Wingo of Virgin Mobile USA, a cell phone operator based in Warren, New Jersey, puts it, Youre not going to create any magic as a manager unless you bring together people with diverse perspectives who arent miniversions of you. 6 Diversity is simply a fact of life for all companies. The United States has been a nation of immigrants from the beginning, and that trend continues today. The Western and Northern Europearns who made up the bulk of immigrants during the nations early years now share space with pe ople from across Asia, Africa, Eastern Europe, and other parts of the world.By 2010 recent immigrants will account for half of all new U. S. workers. 7 Even the term minority, as it applies to nonwhite residents, makes less and less sense every year In two states (California and New Mexico) and several(prenominal) dozen large Communication among people of diverse cultural backgrounds cities, Caucasian Americans no longer form a clear ma- and life experiences is not always easy, but doing it successfully jority. 8 Nor is this pattern of in-migration unique to the United can create tremendous strategic advantages.States Workers from Africa, Asia, and the position East are touching to Europe in search of new opportunities, while workers from India, the Philippines, and Southeast Asia contribute to the employment base of the Middle East. 9 However, you and your colleagues dont need to be recent immigrants to constitute a diverse workforce. Differences in everything from age and gende r to religion and ethnic heritage to geography and military experience enrich the workplace. some(prenominal) immigration and workforce diversity create advantagesand challengesfor business communicators tthroughout the world. 6 PART 1 Understanding the Foundations of seam Communication The Challenges of Intercultural Communication A companys cultural diversity affects how its business messages are conceived, composed, delivered, received, and interpreted. market-gardening influences everything about communication, including Language Nonverbal signals Word meaning Time and space issues Rules of human relationships Diversity affects how business messages are conceived, planned, sent, received, and interpreted in the workplace.Todays increasingly diverse workforce encompasses a wide range of skills, traditions, backgrounds, experiences, outlooks, and attitudes toward workall of which can affect employee behavior on the job. Supervisors face the challenge of communicating with these diverse employees, motivating them, and fostering cooperation and harmony among them. Teams face the challenge of working together closely, and companies are challenged to coexist peacefully with business partners and with the community as a whole. The interaction of culture and communication is so pervasive that separating the two is virtually impossible.The way you communicatefrom the language you speak and the nonverbal signals you send to the way you perceive other peopleis influenced by the culture in which you were raised. The meaning of words, the significance of gestures, the importance of time and space, the rules of human relationshipsthese and many other aspects of communication are defined by culture. To a large degree, your culture influences the way you think, which by nature affects the way you communicate as both a vector and a receiver. 0 So you can see how intercultural communication is much more complicated than simply matching language between sender and receiver. It goes beyond mere words to beliefs, values, and emotions. Tthroughout this chapter, youll see numerous examples of how communication styles and habits vary from one culture to another. These examples are intended to illustrate the major themes of intercultural communication, not to give an exhaustive list of styles and habits of any particular culture.